Given below is a quote from "The Book of Why" by Judea Pearl and Dana Mackenzie. "While probabilities encode our beliefs about a static world, causality tells us whether and how probabilities change when the world changes, be it by intervention or by act of imagination." Which of the options is/are implied by the quote?

Which of the options can be printed on P to get R? [Figure: see page 10 of source PDF]

Richa has a pencil, a compass, and a post card of size 12 cm x 7 cm. Which of the following diagrams can she draw in her notebook using only these objects?

Which of the options can be made using the rubber stamp shown in the figure? [Figure: see page 9 of source PDF]

Which of the manufacturing processes is/are required to make a typical stainless steel spoon out of sheet metal?

P shows a basic schematic of how an airbrush works. In the options, the green sections are seals. Of these options, which of the design concepts of an airbrush will work continuously until the liquid in the container is exhausted up to the dotted line? [Figure: see page 9 of sour…

Which of the objects shown in the options form(s) a perfect circle? [Figure: see page 8 of source PDF]

Given options show wooden joints, each made of 2 wooden blocks of different colours with a wooden pin at the centre. All joints can be released along the Z axis. Which of the joints can be released along the Y axis? [Figure: see page 8 of source PDF]

Which option(s) is/are simple rotations of the figure given below? [Figure: see page 7 of source PDF]