Principle: Mere silence as to facts likely to affect the decision of a person to enter into a contract is not fraud. Facts: A sells to B (A's daughter who is a minor) a horse which A knows to be unsound. A says nothing to B about the unsoundness of the horse.

Principle: A man is guilty of not only for what he actually does but also for the consequences of his doing. Facts: A wanted to kill the animal of B. He saw B standing with his animal and fired a gun shot at the animal. The gun shot killed B.

Principle: Whoever attempts to commit the offence of cheating, commits an offence. Facts: A with an intention to defraud B, obtains from him an amount of Rs. 500.

Principle: Nothing is an offence which is done in the exercise of the right of private defence. Nothing is an offence which is done in madness. Facts: A, under the influence of madness, attempts to kill B. B to save his life kills A.

Principle: Whoever by words publishes any imputation concerning any person is said to defame that person. Facts: During a marriage ceremony, A circulated a pamphlet saying sister of the bride S is a thief, she has stolen the shoes of the bridegroom.

Principle: Causing of an effect partly by an act and partly by an omission is an offence. Facts: A did not provide any food to his daughter D. He also confined D in a room. Consequently, D died.

Principle: An employer is liable for an injury caused to an employee in the course of the employment. Facts: A and B were working in a factory as unskilled laborers. A was carrying a basket of stones on his head. B was sitting on the ground. When A crossed B, all of a sudden a st…

Principle: Nothing is an offence if it is done in good faith for the purpose of preventing or avoiding greater harm or damage to person or property. Facts: A jumps into a swimming pool to save a boy from drowning. While pulling the boy from water A was hit by C. A left the boy in…

Principle: Damages the money recompense, as far as money can do, for the loss suffered by a person. Facts: A, an Indian citizen, having a right to vote, was not allowed to cast his vote on the polling booth, by the returning officer. Name of A was mentioned in the voter's list. A…