PRINCIPLE: In a civil action for defamation, truth of the defamatory matter is an absolute defence. However, the burden of proving truth is on the defendant; and he is liable if he does not successfully discharge this burden. FACTS: 'D' who was the editor of a local weekly, published a series of articles mentioning that 'P', who was a government servant, issued false certificates, accepted bribe, adopted corrupt and illegal means to mint money and was a 'mischief monger". 'P' brought a civil action against 'D', who could not prove the facts published by him. Under the circumstances, which of the following derivations is CORRECT?

PRINCIPLE: Whenever there is an invasion of a legal right, the person in whom the right is vested, is entitled to bring an action though he has suffered no actual loss or harm, and may recover damages (compensation). FACTS: 'A' was a qualified voter for the Lok Sabha election. Ho…

PRINCIPLE: A gift comprising both existing and future property is void as to the latter. FACTS: 'X' has a house which is owned by him. He contracted to purchase a plot of land adjacent to the said house, both the sale (of the plot of land) in his favour is yet to be completed. He…

PRINCIPLE: Damage without the violation of a legal right is not actionable in a court of law. If the interference with the rights of another person is not unlawful or unauthorized, but a necessary consequence of the exercise of defendant's own lawful rights, no action should lie.…

PRINCIPLE: Caveat emptor, i.e, 'let the buyer beware' stands for the practical skill and judgment of the buyer in his choice of goods for purchase. It is the business of the buyer to judge for himself that what he buys has its use and worth for him. Once bought, and if the buy is…

PRINCIPLE: Ignorance of law excuses no one. FACTS: 'X' fails to file his income tax returns for a considerable number of years. The Income Tax department serves upon him a 'show-cause notice' as to why proceedings should not be initiated against him for the recovery of the income…

PRINCIPLE: The transferor of goods cannot pass a better title than what he himself possesses. FACTS: 'X' sells a stolen bike to 'Y'. 'Y' buys it in good faith. As regards the title to bike, which of the following derivations is CORRECT?

PRINCIPLE: A person has no legal remedy for an injury caused by an act to which he has consented. FACTS: 'R', a cricket enthusiast, purchases a ticket to watch a T20 match organised by the Indian Premier League (IPL). During the match, a ball struck for six hits 'R' on his body a…

PRINCIPLE: Negligence is a breach of duty or a failure of one party to exercise the standard of care required by law, resulting in damage to the party to whom the duty was owed. A plaintiff can take civil action against the respondent, if the respondent's negligence causes the pl…